Many people ask this question due to the fact that it is the lower part of the back that often submits to extreme loads throughout the life of a person.In many cases, this is what causes the appearance of osteochondrosis or exacerbates its condition.If this disease begins, it can become a serious problem, so it is very important to make diagnoses in time and start treatment.In the article, you will find all what this disease is, what are its causes and symptoms, as well as the treatment of the disease.
Reasons
The main causes of lumbar osteochondros are:
- flat feet;
- scoliosis;
- mechanical lesions of the lower back;
- Metabolic violation;
- sedentary lifestyle;
- obesity;
- Violation of the water salt balance;
- incorrect nutrition;
- pregnancy.
Important!The reasons for the appearance of problems with the lumbar department have not been studied until the end.This means that in a specific situation it can be difficult to determine what exactly caused the appearance of the disease.
Symptoms
There are several subspecies of osteochondrosis, therefore, the symptoms of the disease can vary slightly.Next, we will analyze each subspecies and characteristic signs.
Polysegmenting - What is it?
Polish osteochondrosis (PSO) is a defeat of several segments of the spine at the same timeDegenerative processes.
Signals:
- Strong pain in the lumbar region.
- With acute movements or attempts to raise something heavy, "shots" appear.
- It becomes difficult to perform the usual motor actions.
Outgoing
Protence is one of the stages of osteochondrosis, during which the elasticity and height of the intervertebral discs decreases.Because of this, the cartilage begins to stand out gradually beyond the edges of the vertebrae.
Signals:
- sew pain that may appear not only when it moves, but also at rest;
- Easy numoration of the lower extremities;
- Participation or redness of the skin of the lower extremities;
- the appearance of weakness in the legs;
- Long sitting or standing leads to pull pain, which disappears after the change of posture;
- When we heavy things, acute pain can be given to the basin and hips.
Intervertebral album hernia L5-S1
The appearance of a hernia is the last stage of osteochondrosis..This problem is characterized by a strong bump and loss of the intervertebral disc, which does not resist the pressure of the surrounding vertebrae.
Signals:
- Pain syndrome, which applies not only to the lower back, but also to one of the lower extremities.
- The appearance of pain in one of the buttocks and a leg related to it.
- Strong numbness or tingling in the lower extremities.
- Strengthen numbness and pain in a vertical position and during movement.
- Reducing the amplitude of the movements in the lower back.
- Candle foot syndrome.
- Change the march and posture.
- Strong pale or redness of the skin in the lower back and legs.
- In rare cases, urinary or feces arise.
Psychosomatic in women and men
Psychosomatic disorders appear due to emotional injuries suffered.The signs of this disorder depend on the stage of osteochondrosis, and are not different from those described above.
Important!When a psychosomatic disorder occurs, the patient must be treated with a neuropathologist and a psychotherapist to achieve a maximum positive effect.
Do the army take a diagnosis?
Lumbar osteochondrosis belongs to the category of suitability "B".This means that the young man has serious health problems that do not allow him to submit to a military service.To obtain this category, the young man must have the following deviations:
- intervertebral hernia;
- severe pain by physical effort;
- Notable in the X -Ray deformation of the vertebrae and the intervertebral discs.
Stages
Lumbar osteochondrosis has 4 stages(Or, as are also called - Grade: 1, 2, 3 and 4), each of which is characterized by certain degenerative processes.
Degenerative changes at each stage
- 1-2 stage.In 1 stage, a fibrous ring is deforms due to the intra-discharge displacement of the nucleus, which occurs stronger than normal.In 2 stages, a fibrous ring appears, which leads to the instability of the spinal segment.
- 3-4 stages.In 3 stages, the intervertebral album is completely exploded, which leads to disk loss.In 4 stages, a distribution lesion of the intervertebral disc and spondylosis appears.
Diagnosis
To make a precise diagnosis, the doctor must perform a series of tests that include:
- Primary inspection (palpation, visual inspection, verification of the level of physical activity).
- Radiography.
- Computed tomography (CT).
- Magnetic resonance images (MRI).
Reference.Among all diagnostic methods, magnetic resonance is considered the most modern and effective.The problem is that this device is not in all hospitals, and most of the time magnetic resonance should be done in private clinics or wait for its turn.
Several stages and varieties of lumbar osteochondrosis have their own characteristics, therefore, for their diagnosis, they are also their nuances.
With a root syndrome
Typically, rooster syndrome appears in the last two stages of the disease.The syndrome is characterized by the damage to the nerve roots that leave the spinal cord.They innervate and control the functioning of the muscles in the lower back, the genitourinary system and the intestines.Therefore, the column syndrome of the lumbar region leads to problems with these systems.
Communication with the deformation of the intervertebral disc
Rooser's syndrome appears in the last stages of osteochondrosis due to the flattening of the intervertebral disc and pressing nerve roots with vertebrae.Magnetic resonance is better for the diagnosis of this disorder, since this procedure allows you to see all changes in soft tissues.
During pregnancy and breastfeeding
If a woman leads a sedentary lifestyle, she suffers from flat feet or has a genetic predisposition, the probability increases that during pregnancy will have osteochondrosis.
For pregnant women, this disease is dangerous not only for pain attacks, but also becauseCan lead to a decrease in pelvic bone size.Because of this, a caesarean section will be required.
Unfortunately, to diagnose osteochondrosis using magnetic resonance, CT or X -Ray before treating it, during pregnancy it is prohibited.Therefore, treatment is prescribed empirically.If a woman has already given birth, but still feeds her breasts, the hardware diagnostic method is also contraindicated.
With bump
When the protuberance of the intervertebral disc appears, X -Ray will not be able to show great results, since the deformation occurs only with a fibrous ring and a nucleus.
A study is required with the help of MRI, which shows precisely soft tissues and can reveal a variety of degenerative changes.
Complications and consequences
If it does not treat lumbar osteochondrosis, it can cause deterioration in the health and development of other diseases.
Why is the disease dangerous?
In 4 stages of the disease, such irreversible changes begin to appear as:
- Violation of the spinal circulation.
- Problems with intestinal emptying.
- Reducing sensitivity in the groin and anus area.
- Weakness in the lower extremities.
- Frequent urine.
- Lower extremities paralysis.
- Reduction of mobility in the lower back.
- Spasmodic muscles of the lower back and legs.
Concomitant diseases
- Radiculitis;
- Compression-vascular ischemia;
- compression myelopathy;
- sciatica;
- lumbago.
Treatment and rehabilitation
Now that he knows what kind of disease this is, we will talk about how to treat it.After diagnosisThe doctor prescribes a treatment course depending on the stage and form of osteochondrosis.
Orthopedic devices for the lower back
To reduce pain syndrome and muscle tension in the lower back, the patient is offered to use a special orthopedic corset.
It covers the entire lower back, keeping the muscles, vertebrae and ligaments in the correct position, eliminating them excessive tension.
Medications
Medications are one of the important aspects of lumbar osteochondrosis.In general, 5 drug groups are used.In normal mode, it can be ointments or tablets.If the patient is overcome by severe pain attacks, a drug blockage is performed.
Drugs
The main drug groups for osteochondrosis:
- AnalgesicsIn the form of tables or ointments.
- Anti -inflammatory.It is also used in the form of tablets or ointments.
- Musorelaxantes- Drugs that reduce muscle spasm.
- Condroprotectors- Drugs that restore bone and cartilage.
- Vitamins.Basically, group B is used for osteochondrosis, so they help improve metabolic processes in affected tissues.
Do not try to choose the medications yourself.All medications must be prescribed only by the doctor.
Medication block
The blockade is the introduction of medications that use a syringe directly in the affected area of the spine.This is necessary when an acute pain syndrome seems to reduce discomfort and restore the usual level of physical activity of the patient.
Physiotherapeutic methods
Physiotherapeutic methods are often used to restore spasmodic muscles and tissue affected by the lower back.Magnetotherapy is especially relevant among them.
Magnetotherapy
This procedure stimulates metabolic processes, blood circulation, improves the work of the endocrine and nervous system.The method can be very painful, but quite effective.
It can improve the condition of the patient with magnetotherapy in 3-4 weeks.
Massage
Massage relieves pain and muscle spasm.They carry it out only for a specialist with medical education.Very often, a course for 10-12 sessions is prescribed.The final decision on the duration of the therapy is taken by the masseuse.
Manual and acupuncture
Manual therapy eliminates pain and increases the volume of movements in the lumbar region.This is due to the improvement of the biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system, blood circulation and metabolic processes.Acupuncture has a similar effect, but acts at the level in the affected areas of the muscles.
Therapeutic gymnastics
Exercise therapy is one of the most effective ways to combat unpleasant consequences of osteochondrosis for vertebrae.Before starting classes, consult an exercise therapy instructor.
What can be done and cannot be done?
During exercise therapy, it is prohibited:
- make acute movements;
- bend in the lower back;
- He abruptly increases the amplitude of the movements.
In exercise therapy, it is allowed:
- make soft movements;
- use inventory (banks, gymnastics sticks, weights);
- Do exercises for the flexibility of the lumbar region.
Doctor's author's technique
The doctor developed a methodology for his spine.When he realized that his exercises have a positive effect on back pain, he began to share them with his patients.
The following are the three simplest and most effective exercises of gymnastics:
- To heat: Put on four legs and walk in this position around the room for 5-7 minutes.Prepare the knees with protective bandages.
- The main exercise.Standing four legs, bend in a breath.Fold your back in exhalation.Repeat 5-8 times.
- Extension.Standing four legs, it returns gently, touching the heels buttocks.Repeat 3-4 times.
Yoga and Pilates
Pilates was specifically designed for the restoration of pilots who received back injuries, so the system works perfectly with spinal osteochondrosis.It is necessary to participate in this system only under the supervision of an instructor.
Yoga has many directions, and also suitable for working with a sick spine.
These classes are allowed only during the referral period, since they have high intensity.
Popular remedies at home
Preparation of Ointment at home
You will need:
- Coconut oil - 50 gr.;
- Bee wax - 2 s.L.;
- camphor - 1 s.L.;
- Mint, arnica and nail essential oil.
How to cook:
- Mix coconut oil, bee wax, camphor and hot mixture in the microwave for 1 minute.
- Add 9 drops of mint, 7 drops of arnica and 5 drops of nail oil, then stir the mixture.
- Place the ointment in a glass jar for storage.
FinalizedRub the lower back 2 times a day with ointment, until the pain decreases.
Honey and Pope Compress
You will need:
- 50 gr.Honey;
- 1 big potato.
Ralche the potatoes in a large grater, mix with honey and ralle your back with a mixture.Place the waxed paper on the top and wrap the lower back with a warm cloth.The compress must be left all night.Repeat the procedure until the pain passes in the back.
Ginger ointment
You will need:
- Ground ginger - 2 teaspoons;
- Honey - 1 teaspoon;
- Carkuma Ground - 1 teaspoon;
- Black pepper - 0.5 teaspoons.
Mix all the ingredients carefully and apply a thin layer of ointment on your back.In the upper part, apply warm fabric.If strong, gently rinse the ointment with warm water.
Bathrooms with herbs
You can use the following herbs:
- chamomile pharmacy;
- fennel;
- AIR;
- thyme;
- sage.
Mix 20 grams of all plants and prepare a medicinal decoction.When you bathe, add a finished decoction.You can use this recipe 1-2 times a week.Herbs relieve tension and pain in the lower back.
Surgery
This treatment method is used in rare cases if conservative treatment methods are ineffective.During the operation, the part of the cartilage that went beyond the vertebra is eliminated.
If the intervertebral disc is too damaged, it is replaced by an artificial one.
Forecasts
The prognosis can only be given by the treating doctor, since each person occurs individually.It all depends on the negligence of osteochondrosis and the general condition of the patient's body.
What to do with exacerbation?
During the aggravation period, it is necessary to exclude all physical activity, use drugs and use a heating waist bandage.In addition, you should consult your doctor, who will give more detailed recommendations.
Prevention
How to prevent condrosis?
Since it cannot influence genetic abnormalities and hereditary predisposition, it will not work completely protect from the appearance of condrosis.
ButIn his power to observe the correct regime of the day and nutrition, Show more physical activity and abandon bad habits.
All these tips will help maintain the health of the column as long as possible.
Sick leave
The neuropathologist prescribes the disease license only with an exacerbated form of the disease, accompanied by severe pain, which usually begins in 2 and 3 stages of osteochondrosis.
How many days do they give?
As a ruleThe disease license with lumbar osteochondrosis is not administered more than 7 days.
Specialist tips
If you notice the first signs of discomfort in the lower back, when you raise something heavy or simply with active movements and tours, do not tighten with the diagnoses.
The sooner the treatment begins, the easier it will be to deal with the disease and avoid unpleasant consequences for health.
Many are used to perceiving lumbar osteochondrosis, as something granted.But this disease can progress, which will eventually bring many unpleasant consequences to the patient.Remember that you yourself are responsible for your health, not doctors, and if you find signs of osteochondrosis, start treatment as quickly as possible.